Independence House Application free essay sample

Share an essay on any topic of your choice. It can be one youve already written, one that responds to a different prompt, or one of your own design. (This is an application I wrote to a group home during my transition into foster care. At the time, it was seemingly my only hope. Since then I have encountered better avenues in my life. I have been placed with a very nice family and for the first time in a long time, I can say that feel secure in a place. I have made connections that are a close second to that which I had with my mother. This following application, although unpolished, was written in a very stressful couple of hours in my life. It was my only way out of a possibly very bad trajectory. I send this as my college essay because it contains an emotional core that even the most well-crafted prose could not contain. We will write a custom essay sample on Independence House Application or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I send this application as it was when I sent to Independence House because it is genuine. ) Independence House, to me, is a beacon of hope. With the passing of my mother and sole parent, I lost the most meaningful and important connection in my life. I, however, do not like to look at the negatives of any bad circumstance and instead like to keep an optimistic view. I like to think of my mother’s passing as not a setback but as an experience handed down to me so that I can be tested. In my stepping into the world, I have made lasting friendships and connections with good people who would have never crossed my path otherwise. Given all the bad that this calamity has brought, it has ingrained in me one thing, one piece of worldly wisdom that cannot be taught. I have realized that as humans, we need to rely on each other. To learn through not just experience but by using the experience of others to improve ourselves. I like to take this lesson and apply it to my stay in Independence House. I would like to learn from my future companions at the residence; I would like to learn how to be more resilient, to be stronger, and to achieve greater things. I want to learn their approach for going against the greatest odds of failure and beating them. I would like to impart my thoughts in a manner that can be constructive to them. I would like to impart the lessons that I learned in trying to improve my chances of becoming a respectable member of society. My need for stable and regimented housing is dire in that only under the protective umbrella of Independence House, will I meet not only my own expectations but also those, which weigh more heavily on me, those of the community at large. The community that now more vividly can consist of the residents of Independence House. Residence at Independence Hall will allow me to reach my goals because of the safety, security, and guidance I will be afforded under your care. I have over the past months had a shift in my beliefs and opinions due to the effects of my experiences. My priorities have shifted for the better, towards positive growth and improvement. (I would like to transfer the same sense of community that I felt the need to bring to Independence to my education and stay at Caldwell University.)

How to Convert Grams to Moles - Step by Step Instructions

How to Convert Grams to Moles - Step by Step Instructions Many chemical calculations require the number of moles of a material, but how do you measure a mole? One common way is to measure the mass in grams and convert to moles. Converting grams to moles is easy with these few steps. The Process Determine the molecular formula of the molecule.Use the periodic table to determine the atomic mass of each element in the molecule.Multiply each elements atomic mass by the number of atoms of that element in the molecule. This number is represented by the subscript next to the element symbol in the molecular formula.Add these values together for each different atom in the molecule. This will give you the molecular mass of the molecule. This is equal to the number of grams in one mole of the substance.Divide the number of grams of the substance by the molecular mass. The answer will be the number of moles of the compound. See an example of converting grams to moles.

Requlatory Processes and Administrative Law Essay

Requlatory Processes and Administrative Law - Essay Example You may identify current events/situations relevant to any particular aspect of ethical behavior in public management. "Actual [Social Security] benefits may vary depending on actual work history and income" (Social Security Income Calculator, 2010, p. 1). This is as it should be; obviously someone who worked all their lives is not going to receive the same amount of Social Security as someone who never worked a day in their life or never paid into the system. If one person had diabetes and another person had heart failure, but the doctor said, "Well, this person has diabetes so I'm going to prescribe diabetes medication for everyone," then obviously the person who had heart failure would not be properly treated. 3. Under the current administration, which theory provides the most insight in terms of effective policy implementation Why Based on these theories, how do we know policy implementation is occurring The theory that most effectively provides insight into effective policy implementation is policy which does not "lack theoretical underpinning" (Hargrove, 1981, p. 1). Obama's theoretical underpinning was change. This is what he so effectively managed to focus on during his campaign. It is no surprise that his determination is paying off with regard to effecting social change. 4. In your opinion, on which should a leadership evaluation focus, efficiency or effectiveness Why Leadership should always focus on effectiveness. Efficiency may be slow, but if whatever one does is effective, the means or efficiency needed to get to the effective end, effectively, ceases to matter as much. Therefore, one should focus on the results, not how the results came about. REFERENCES Hargrove, E.C. (1981). The search for implementation theory. Available: http://eric.ed.gov:80/ERICDocs/data/ericdocs2sql/content_storage_01/0000019b/80/2e/3e/0f.pdf. Social Security income calculator. (2010). Available:

Work of the Prophets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Work of the Prophets - Essay Example Rather God encourages Isaiah and Jeremiah to stress on different issues of the same truth with a view of different concerns of their times. Some foretold historical events have already come true, but the God’s truth spoken by two prophets stays timely nowadays. Timely character of two prophecies is mainly observed when reading about those sins of Judah and Israel Isaiah and Jeremiah point on. Thinking about analogies between modern times and â€Å"more than 2  500 years ago† Friedman (2011) fairly points that none of prophets speaks directly on economic markets, great unemployment or etc., but on false leaders, a general lack of justice, a lack of fair treatment and peace, and these issues are among modern Christian concerns. House (n.d.) admits that Isaiah firstly expresses concerns because nations are sinning against each other suffering from mutual oppressions. Isaiah claims that by sinning against each other humankind sins against God. Thus, nowadays, until there’re nations engaged in conflicts with other nations, or oppressing one another, it’s still sinning against God. Friedman (2011) points that Jeremiah’s preaching generally, is for â€Å"loving-kindness† however, about half of his prophecy’s dedicated to descriptions of sins of Israel and Judah nations. House (n.d.) refers it to Jeremiah’s â€Å"turbulent times† when neither common Judah nations, nor Israel rulers were listening to true words spoken by God through Jeremiah instead, listening to false words of false prophets. â€Å"People have gone away from the Lord† so much that Jeremiah himself was constantly threatened and hatred though his preaching was based on Ten Commandments (House, n.d.). Thus, Jeremiah’s mostly concerned with false idolatry. Worshiping â€Å"chiefs of Sodom† had already been a matter of concerns for Isaiah, and Friedman (2011) says sadly it has stayed so nowadays when Christians appreciate those powerful because of their wealth, and at the same time, there’re

Final Moral Dilemma Case Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Final Moral Dilemma Case Analysis - Assignment Example The patient vocally rejects all prescriptions and treatments. Moreover, the patient is struggling physically and rejects blood withdrawals and intravenous access. The hospital’s psychiatric team affirmed that the patient was unable to make personal judgments. It was also realized that the patient lacked an authorized custodian to make decisions on his behalf. In this perspective, the government could not locate any relatives or family members. This instance was transferred to our institution’s moral panel. The morals panel with the assistance of legal support was capable of putting a non-RESUSITE order. Nursing care was inculcated to medicate the patient by not letting him realize that medical pills have been trampled and blended in his food. The medicines were recommended to relieve the pain and irritation; antipsychotics were prescribed as well (Ferrell, Coyle, & Teton Data Systems, 2010). Ethical Problem and Conflicting Obligations The aspect making this condition an ethical crisis is that the patient’s rejecting treatment is not valued. Moreover, he is getting palliative care without his knowledge. The patient constantly involves physical struggling if anybody touches or attempts to draw blood from his body for medical purposes (Locsin & Purnell, 2009). The patient could allow nurses to redress and bathe him as well as change his diaper. I nursed this patient a couple of instances and developed a feeling that he had full knowledge of what was transpiring around him. The Issues The primary issue is that the patient’s decision of not desiring some of the treatment methods should have been respected. It was absurd and illegal to medicate the patient without his knowledge. Important Facts The pertinent facts are that the patient should not suffer by indulging him in numerous medical methods that do not appeal to him. What emotions have an impact? As a health care giver, I felt culpable for not regarding his resolution. Moreover, trea ting and medicating him without his conscience made me feel guilty. Conversely, I was calmed down by the fact that his pain was relieved. Identify Key Participants/Stakeholders The prime partakers were primary care providers, patient and the legal/ethics department. Legitimate Decision Maker The hospital is accountable for the patient’s safety, hence the legitimate decision maker. Who Is Affected and How? The patient is the most affected since he gets sedative treatment without his agreement. The nurses are also affected since they are liable for the patient’s care. Level of Competence of the Most Affected Individual The level of competence of the patient is that he is mentally disable and has been declared to make right choices. Participants’ Obligations The task of every healthcare giver is to protect, treat and be the patient’s supporter. The hospital’s responsibility is to safeguard the patient’s lawful rights and their safety. The ethic s department accountability is to establish the best way out of this condition without instigating any injury to the patient. Determination of Moral Perspective Participants think in aspects of duties and tasks since the nurses believe in matters of protecting and advocating any patient. The hospital believes in matters of safeguarding all patients’ lawful rights. Exhibition of Moral Perspectives The hospital does not instigate or warrant any liabilities in this context whereas the nurses work to protect and devote for

How Is Slaughterhouse 5 Anti War English Literature Essay

How Is Slaughterhouse 5 Anti War English Literature Essay This essay explores and analyses how Kurt Vonneguts Slaughterhouse 5 is an anti-war novel. There are various instances throughout the novel which demonstrate that the author was trying to condemn the notion of war. Vonnegut was inspired via his experiences during the war, the protagonist of the novel, Billy Pilgrim, expresses Vonneguts perspective regarding the horrors of war. The main indications in the novel which denoted anti-war were Vonneguts unique literature techniques, humanism and author positioning. Throughout this essay, I will examine how Vonnegut effectively deploys his techniques in the novel and convinces readers. The incorporation of science fiction with the Tralfamadorians by Vonnegut operates as a further method to express his feelings against warfare. It was described in the novel that the Tralfamadorians are capable of observing a fourth dimension. Due to this special ability, they hold a completely different mentality in comparison to humans. The Tralfamadorians say how only on earth is there talk of free will (Slaughterhouse 5 pg.133). This represents the view of Vonnegut that humans beliefs of free will are causing the war. Hence the Tralfamadorians belief of fatalism  aims to justify the irrationality of war by criticizing humans thoughtless decisions on initiating wars. (Cacicedo 2005) The Tralfamadorians also stated that there will always be war on earth since humans are designed that way.  This statement was intended by Vonnegut to dishonor war and label it in a negative way. In addition, the existence of the Tralfamadorians in this novel is another way Vonnegut thinks about th e war. The hallucinations Billy experiences after the war tells the readers how his life has changed, and also shows how he is trying to erase his horrific memory of the war by escaping his reality and embracing the Tralfamadorian world and their philosophy on life. Therefore Vonnegut is deploying authorial voice technique to expose his views on philosophy towards the readers, this was achieved by contrasting the concepts of philosophy between humans and Tralfamadorians. The fire bombing of Dresden in Germany was an extremely influential event for Vonnegut. As Vonnegut recalls the incident in Dresden, he relates the event in a way that allows the reader to engage in his personal perspective of the incident. He encounters the Dresden experience with condolence and sadness rather than aggression, pain and resentfulness. Billy observes the sadistic and cruelty of the world when city of Dresden gets bombed. He feels the awkward misery over the attack due to his situation of being ambushed by his allies and he experiences and sees the suffering of his enemies. In this way, Vonnegut draws attention of the reader to the underlying theme of a mans capacity of violence and cruelty. Billy also described aftermath of the attack by saying Once a beautiful city looking like the surface of the moon. Therefore by utilizing the voice of Billy, Vonnegut is trying to persuade the readers that any sort of massacre, even those of our enemies, should not to be considered with satisfaction or joy as we all are humans to be valued. Another reason how this book promotes anti-war can be noticed by the title, Childrens crusade. This title represents the soldiers in the warfare, as children thus implying that they are naÃÆ' ¯ve and innocent. Another reason why Vonnegut portrayed the soldiers as children is to emphasize the fact that the wars are fought by the children, who are incapable of comprehending the cause of the war. Therefore Vonnegut attempts to convey his message that these children soldiers are being exploited by sadistic leaders. Vonnegut has chosen the word children as children have no duty in war thus the war should not be occurring. This also leads the reader to be sympathetic of the soldiers; they are depicted without any independent thought and do not have the motivation to take other peoples lives. Vonnegut is also trying to cast a negative light upon the instigators of war with this title. Thus the overall message of Slaughterhouse 5 is that war is not heroic or glorious and that government p ropaganda tries to blind people from the ugly truth of warfare. It can then be seen with these elements that Vonnegut is endorsing a negative perspective towards war. The literary technique of irony is also employed to further uphold the anti-war theme by making light of a horrific scenes and misery from war. This use of black humor makes Vonneguts audience laugh inappropriately at instances of death and destruction which then leaves a significant impact upon the reader. Vonnegut does this to effectively convey his anti-war sentiment by manipulating his audience to feel guilty and ashamed. Another aim for this technique is to allow the readers to deeply reflect on the negative side of war. The main example of irony used in this novel by Vonnegut is would be the ending of the novel, when the bird says poo too weet! to Billy after there is a lengthy passage detailing a pile of rotting bodies. This signifies that the war is nonsensical and unnecessary just like what the bird has said to Billy. A further example of irony used in the novel is the highly unlikely instance where the trained infantry scouts are killed, however Billy and Ronald who are not trained, survive. Thus this is a technique creates a guilty conscience for the readers because war is inappropriate subject to be laughed at. This exploitation of the readers consciences towards the issue of war relates back to the anti-war sentiment that is evident throughout the novel. Lastly, a prayer in the novel which goes as follows G-d grant me The serenity to accept The things I cannot change, Courage To change the things I can, And wisdom always To tell the difference. (Slaughterhouse 5, pg. 137) This prayer by Vonnegut epitomizes his message and demand towards the readers. Vonnegut is trying to tell the readers that some parts of life are inevitable and must be acknowledged, but there are numerous aspects in life which must be changed. Vonnegut argues that we must utilize our beyond abilities in order to learn and change. Thus the destiny of future can be adjusted by our act. The novel Slaughterhouse 5 was produced by Vonnegut to expose his negative reflection towards war in order to persuade the readers. Another purpose of this novel is to prevent the occurrence of wars to come in the future. Vonnegut has achieved this by employing various methods in his writing, such as literature techniques, humanism and author positioning. The Vonneguts aim in creating this novel was to share his emotional experiences and to allow people to understand the grief he attained from war. This was accomplished by revealing the misery side of the war and proposing his philosophy. In conclusion, Vonneguts Slaughterhouse 5 can be perceived in numerous ways. It can be recognized as science fiction novel, semi-autobiographical novel and unquestionably as an anti war book. Vonnegut successfully conveys his thoughts and message to the readers by effectively deploying his techniques to convince the readers.

Benefits of Multi-Level Watershed Management :: Watershed Management Essays

Benefits of Multi-Level Watershed Management Non-governmental organizations (NGO’s) have played a significant role in establishing grassroots methods of environmental protection while incorporating citizen involvement. The most prevalent types of NGO’s in the United States are ones that rally public opinion and advocate legislative and/or social change. Among these are the various Public Interest Groups (PIRG’s), the Sierra Club, the Environmental Defense Fund, and Greenpeace. Public education and involvement are seminal components to the success of these organizations. Hence, the application of NGO’s to other issues might prove successful in advocating and implementing change while bettering the community that they inhabit. Such is the case with the relatively newly established watershed management associations in New Jersey. These organizations employ grassroots tactics to increase community education and establish stronger environmental protection. Thus I assert that inter-munic ipal (and inter-state as we will see later) watershed management, through the use of non-governmental organization, has the ability to have a profound impact on how natural resources are managed and subsequently on how an area is developed. This is extremely valuable to a state like New Jersey, where uncoordinated development has led to a sprawling landscape causing fragmentation of natural features and severe depletion of water quality. Furthermore, in the large bureaucratic system of development that dominates New Jersey, this NGO method of watershed management is a qualitative and creative way to promote democracy, public education, and public participation. To examine how watershed management associations can improve environmental superintendence and consequently development patterns, one must first examine the existing landscape pattern on physical and political scales. New Jersey is composed of 566 municipalities, each functioning pseudo-independently from one another. These municipalities, â€Å"†¦each with home-rule authority to make decisions and policies concerning development without regard [of] their potential negative effects on neighboring towns, â€Å" (Shutkin 2000) create an atmosphere of competition and discordance. This unproductive circumstance is a product of human invention. For it is â€Å"multiple ownership or administration within watersheds [that] present some major challenges for watershed management policy and planning† (Satterlund and Adams 1992). Municipal boundaries do not account for broader natural boundaries. While it is true that a municipal boundary might coincide with a stre am or ridge, municipalities generally overlook broader, more important delineations like watersheds.

Nigeria Labour Congress Demand for the Review of the National Minimum Wage and General Wage Review

Today, Nigerians who are lucky to have jobs are finding it increasingly difficult, if not impossible, to survive on their monthly pay. The major reason for this is that the pay of the Nigerian worker is not only one of the lowest in the world; it has also not improved as it should in the face of changes in market conditions. Workers in the public sector are particularly worse off.As huge revenues have continued to be acquired from the sweat of workers, the pay and conditions of workers have continued to deteriorate; workers have increasingly been excluded from the wealth created by their labour. In Nigeria, the difference in pay between managers and workers is not only one of the highest in the world: out of every N1 paid as wages, managers collect more than 80 kobo while workers receieve less than 20 kobo; the difference has been increasing over the years.At the same time, owners and managers of banks, top government officials and members of the political class have seen their pay a nd wealth swell ostronomically while workers have had to survive on starvation wages. Workers can no longer survive on what they earn; the situation is made worse by the fact that those who work also have to support family members who form part of the huge army of the unemployed. It has become crystal clear that there is an urgent need for an upward review of the national minimum wage and an upward general review of wages and salaries.History of wage reviews fought by workers This is not the first time that workers would be asking for a general upward review of wages and an increase in the National Minimum Wage. Between 1945 when workers staged the famous 45 days general strike for a Cost of Living Allowance (COLA) and 2007, when the demand won by workers for a 25% general wage through the Ernest Shonekan Wage Consolidation Committee was arbitrarily cut down to 15% by Obasanjo, workers have struggled at 15 times to have wages improved and a national minimum wage legislated upon.But the struggles produced notable victories for workers and the NLC, it was usually the case that: the National Minimum Wage was always set below the minimum wage needed by workers to survive. Because of the inadequacy of the wage, some state governments elected on their own to pay more. Even then, there were also some 1 state governments that pay less than the stipulated national minimum wage. The result was that workers always could not cope. The wage reviews were largely unstructured; sometimes negotiated wages were changed by government through circulars; at other times, government effected unilateral wage increases.Agreements reached with government were sometimes distorted at implementation or not implemented at all by government. For example, the 2000 Wage Review Agreement provided for a further 25per cent wage increase for workers with effect from May 1, 2001, and 15 per cent wage increase with effect from May 1, 2002. This was not implemented. Following industrial dispute over this a 121/2 percent increase rather than the 35 per cent agreement in 2000, was signed in 2003. But in the end, only an increase of between 4 and 12 1/2 per cent was implemented by the Federal Government.Although the Shonekan Committee was set up against this background and recommended a 25% increase in salaries, Obasanjo unilaterally implemented a 15% increase in 2007. Government also failed to abide by the timeframes set out for subsequent negotiations with workers. Workers always had to fight to get government to agree to collective bargaining even when the procedure was agreed in previous negotiations. Today, workers find that they have to fight yet again to get government to agree to negotiate a new National Minimum Wage and a general upward review of wages.Rationale for Upward Wage Review today There are several reasons why there must be an upward review of workers wages today. The consequence of the abdication of the agreed approach to the implementation of the phased-wage increases has been that wages and salaries are today sharply depressed and incapable of meeting the basic needs of most workers. In the last one year, inflation has intensified with the cost of living index in the urban sector increasing by over 14 per cent. The disproportionate increase (20. 9 percent) in the cost of food means that the erosion in the real wages and salaries of workers is alarmingly severe.The process of monetizing and consolidating in-kind benefits which were hitherto not taxed has resulted in an escalation of the tax paid by workers. This has further depressed the real take home pay of workers. 2 All over the world, salary increase in the public sector is underlined by the principle of equity and the need to bridge social inequality in the face of widening economic and social gaps amongst citizens of a country. In Nigeria, while workers’ salaries increased by 15 percent between 2006 and 2007, those of political office holders increased by over 800 percent. The 2008 increase in the compensation of political office holders has further aggravated the disparity (Table 1). On average, their compensation package has been doubled. We need to reduce this disparity for greater equity, productivity and morale. TABLE 1: Salaries of Political Office Holders (Pre and Post Consolidation) S/N Categories 1 Special Assistant to the President; Chief Speech Writer to the President; Chief Press Secretary to the President Members, House of Representatives; Deputy Chief of Staff TTP; Senior Special Assistant, TTP. Ministers of State; Senators; Principal Officers of the House of Representatives; Special advisers TTP.Deputy Speaker, House of Representatives; Minister; Secretary to the Government of the Federation, Head of Civil Service of the Federation, Chief of Staff TTP; National Security Adviser; Chief Economic Adviser; Inspector General of Police; Chairmen, Federal Civil Service Commission, Federal Character Commission, National Salaries, Incomes, & Wag es Commission, Revenue Mobilization Allocation & Fiscal Commission. Deputy President of the Senate; Justices of the Supreme Court; President, Court of Appeal. Speaker of the House of Representatives. HASS (Basic) 626,700 865,200 CONSS* 4,392,012 13,102,402 3 4 1,015,700 13,374,240 1,194,600 15,094,426 5 6 7 1,403,700 15,240,500 1,649,400 16,348,926 Vice-President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria ; 1,938,000 21,524,164 President of the Senate; Chief Justice of Nigeria . 8 President, Commander-in-Chief of the Armed 2,506,000 24,954,405 Forces of Nigeria . *Source: National Salaries, Incomes and Wages Commission and Revenue Mobilization Allocation and Fiscal Commission, Abuja 3 In Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), Nigeria ought to be paying one of the highest minimum wages, given its resources and level of development.The reality, however, is that the existing minimum wage in Nigeria is one of the lowest in Africa. Table 2 presents the data for Sub-Saharan Africa. The data in the table takes adequate account of the need to adjust the wages to differences in the cost of living or what is called the Purchasing Power Parity (PPP). Table 2: Minimum Annual Wage Levels in African Countries ($USD) Country Minimum Special Notes PPP PPP-Based Wage Factor Minimum Wage Angola 1511 1. 975 2984. 23 Botswana 3011 2. 106 6341. 17 DRC 468 2. 077 972. 04 Kenya 948 2. 534 2402. 3 Lesotho 1080 For Manufacturing 1. 847 1994. 76 Madagascar 336 3. 107 1043. 95 Malawi 407 3 1221. 00 Mozambique 1177 2. 129 2505. 83 Nigeria 550 2. 274 1250. 70 South Africa 2780 Farm Minimum 1. 651 4589. 78 Wage: $975 Swaziland 1369 1. 958 2680. 50 Tanzania 1680 2. 8 4704. 00 Zambia 1147 1. 81 2076. 07 Average 1266 2674. 33 The current national minimum wage of N7,500 is far below the minimum cost of providing basic needs for the worker and his / her immediate family. Our survey shows that today the minimum cost of providing for basic needs is N58,200 (Table 2).This estimate is based on threshold hardship levels in which 6 or 8 people may be forced to live in one or two rooms and endure a dietary and living style that is most rudimentary. Additionally, it should be noted that N18,000 is allegedly spent on the feeding of one prison inmate monthly, while the estimate here is merely N20,000 for the feeding of a family of 6 per month. 4 An examination of the cost of living since the enactment of the National Minimum Wage Act 2000 shows clearly that the cost of living index has risen so much that the real value of the minimum wage set by the law has virtually been wiped out.Employing published data on the Consumer Price Index (CPI) from 2000 till July 2008, and taking into account developments in the overall economy and compensation adjustments since 2000, the minimum wage of workers in 2008 can be computed. This computation shows that in real terms, the minimum wage of workers would have to be adjusted upwards by a minimum factor of 4 in order to maintain the relative position of the least pai d worker in the national compensation structure established in 2000.Thus, the appropriate amount required in 2008 to maintain the real value of the National Minimum Wage set in 2000 would be (N11,213. 52 x 4=N44,856). Table 2: Estimated Monthly Cost of Meeting Basic Needs for a Representative Family * Item Accommodation Utilities a. Electricity b. Water c. Kerosene d. Communication Food Clothing Medical Education Cleaners, Soap and Detergents Entertainment, Recreation Communication Miscellaneous Total Cost (N) 6,000 1,000 500 4,000 2,000 20,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 1,300 and 1,000 1,500 N58,500Our Demands Based on the foregoing Congress demands: (i) A new National Minimum Wage of N52,200. This is the approximate average of the minimum wages when we take into consideration Minimum Annual Wage Levels in African Countries, the minimum cost of providing basic needs for the worker and his / her immediate family and the cost of living data. 5 (ii) that the Federal Government sets up a tripar tite committee as a matter of urgency to negotiate and agree on this, so that the National Minimum Wage Act 2000 can be amended to reflect the new amount.It is instructive to note that current negotiations on fixing a minimum wage for Ghana has recently reached preliminary agreement within the tripartite framework to adopt the basic needs approach in computing the minimum wage. (iii) an amendment to the Act to the effect that the National Minimum Wage law should apply to any establishment employing 20 or more workers, instead of the 50 workers currently stipulated by law. (iv) a general wage review; there is an urgent need to commence negotiations in both the public and private sectors so as to agree on new compensation packages. v) a wage review in the public sector based on the minimum wage computed above. Currently, the least salary in the Civil Service under the Consolidated Civil Service Salary Structure is N133,564 per annum or N11,130 per month. The new salary structure recom mended by the Congress is based on the least salary of N52,200 per month or N626,400 per annum, which is the proposed new national minimum wage. The new Consolidated Salary Structure would then be constructed so as to maintain the existing relativities in the salary structure.Sustainability and Affordability of NLC’s Demands Is the minimum wage proposed by the NLC reasonable, sustainable and affordable? Can the nation pay the new national minimum wage? The answer to both and related questions is an overwhelming YES! It is a resounding YES for the following reasons: (i) An increase in the purchasing power and effective demand of workers will increase the demand for goods and services and translate into growth for the economy. The morale, and therefore, productivity of workers will be greatly enhanced by the wage review. ii) Nigeria earns enough revenues, even with the downward slide in oil prices, to be able to pay. The problem in Nigeria is massive corruption by members of th e political and administrative elite and not lack of resources. To be sure, paying the new minimum wage will require that members of the political class cut their level of stealing of public funds. This will not be a bad thing; in fact, it will be good for the economy. (iii) If the economy can accommodate the huge sums spent on political office holders, it can accommodate a general upward review of wages and a national minimum wage as proposed.In any case, more resources should be devoted to the productive workers in any economy. Apart from political office holders, the profits declared in most areas of the private sector, continue to be massive. Even sectors which are contracting their operations continue to declare huge profits. Therefore, the public and private sectors of the economy are capable of paying higher wages. 6 Framework Proposed for the Negotiations The national minimum wage negotiations should be carried out within the tripartite framework, with workers, NECA and gove rnment represented.The emerging agreement from this negotiation should then be forwarded to the National Assembly as a Draft Amendment to the National Minimum Wage Act, 2000. At the conclusion of the minimum wage negotiation, the public service wage review negotiation should commence between labour and representatives of government, both Federal and States. Private sector negotiations should susequently take place within the existing sectoral framework of collective bargaining. On the general wages review, we wish to call on government to adopt the framework of collective bargaining, with representatives of all public sector employers, whetherFederal or State Governments, as employers, not as governments. Conclusion Congress makes these demands with great patriotism, sensitivity and responsibility. Congress holds that collective bargaining and negotiations with trade unions are sacrosanct and in consonance with the spirit of democracy. Congress calls on government to set up the nece ssary structures for the negotiations without further delay. To delay negotiations will further compound the living conditions of workers of Nigeria in the face of the alarming mass poverty already destroying their lives. February 2009 7

The Greenback Party essays

The Greenback Party essays The campaign had consisted mostly of persons with agrarian interests. They were people whose lives centered around their land and culture. In addition to this, they had a desire to maintain an increase the amount of paper money in circulation. This campaign was the beginning of the Greenback movement. The withdrawal by anti-federalists had opened the way for monetary changes by the Union government. Greenbacks first came into existence when the U.S. Department of Treasury was given the right, in 1862, to issue notes that were not changeable into specie (hard money like gold or silver) but were authorized as legal tender for most purposes. Although the Norths record on inflation stands up well in comparison with the experience of triumphant countries in later wars, the Greenbacks worth in gold fell to half the supposed value. Their use had in any case only been intended as a temporary measure and the government started reducing the number in circulation; however, this had coin cided with and reinforced a depression that led to the formation of the Greenback Party in 1875, which had campaigned for an increase in note circulation. Between 1862 and 1865, the U.S. Government had issued more than $450,000,000 in paper money that was not backed by gold (greenbacks - legal tender notes) to help finance the Union cause in the American Civil War. The idea that preserving a flexible supply of paper money served the interests of working people, while paper money backed by specie benefited only the rich. After the war, economic conservatives demanded that the government retire the greenbacks, but the farmers and others who wished to maintain high prices opposed that move. It was in 1868 that the Democrats gave partial support to the Greenback movement by endorsing a plan that called for the redemption of certain war bonds by the issuance of new greenbacks. The Greenback Party which by 1878 had 482 clubs, incl...

Research Paper on Skateboarding

Research Paper on Skateboarding Life is full of adventures and surprises. Being able to find out what you do best is very exciting. Many people work at jobs they hate, and some people live the life of their dreams. Considering that I don’t want to become a person doing something that they dislike for the rest of their lives, I have already found what I love to do and what I will do for the rest of my life. Skateboarding is very challenging, and I always like a challenge. Whether it’s learning a new trick or doing a trick over an obstacle, it’s all challenging. Trying to learn new tricks is hard, but in the end, it is never regretted. Landing new tricks was the most fun; however, it took lots of patience and work. After landing tricks, or just skating around, you start to make new friends. A lot of people notice you if you land a big trick, and then you start to get noticed. Even if you don’t skate big obstacles, you still make friends. Every time I go skate, I prepare myself for the new challenges, tricks, and friends to meet because skateboarding is a way of life. Skating alone is very hard; furthermore, making friends helps a lot. Making friends is a must, and it is very easy. Everybody is pretty much friends with everybody. Age doesn’t matter, because we all have one thing in common, which is skateboarding. No one has to be the same age to have fun with someone else doing the same thing. I have friends that are 7 years old to 30 years old, and neither one is more important than the other; however, sometimes the older skaters can drive you around to other skate spots, but that still does not make anybody more valuable than another. I can just film somebody else, help somebody else, or applause for someone when they land a trick, and a friend is made. Skateboarding brings a lot of people together. Just riding around on your skateboard is fun; however, learning to do some tricks is a lot more fun. That is exactly what I do everyday when I go skating. This makes skating so much more fun. Learning new tricks can be hard, but in the end, it’s very much worth it. When I first started skateboarding, I learned an ollie, which is the very first trick you learn because it is the most basic and is used to learn every other trick. From there, I would just watch skateboard videos and try to learn from the pros. Until I could do a trick, trying to figure out how they did it was the hard part, but when I finally found out how it was done I would become excited and try to land it for hours. Whenever I would land the trick, I’d become very proud of myself and practice the trick more. When you land a trick you have never done before, it forces you to want to learn more. After you learn a trick you can show it to friends and show off if you wanted to. It’s just so much fun to learn new tricks. New tricks can be made up or you can just learn tricks that have already been made. Skateboarding has an endless possibility of tricks to be made. There are just so many variations of one trick, or sometimes you can mix two or more tricks together and you just go crazy with it. When you learn new tricks, you can bring those tricks to new obstacles which make skateboarding even more fun. While learning new tricks, of course, there are harder ones and easy ones. That is what makes skateboarding challenging. Once you learn a trick, you usually will take it up a notch and try it down a bigger stair set, or try a bigger handrail. When you have friends around it helps to get you pumped up; however, sometimes you can get nervous if too many people are around because you don’t want to fall and embarrass yourself, but its all part of skateboarding. I love to try new tricks on new obstacles, because when you land it, feel like you are the best and you can learn anything. The challenge makes it harder; moreover, also makes it more worth it when you land it. If there was no challenge, then it would get boring For instance, once you learn a kickflip, you will be happy that you can land it on the flat ground. Later on, it will get boring, and also get very easy, so then you would try it down maybe a 4 stair. That makes it harder because you have to catch the trick in midai r and keep it underneath your feet. When you land, the impact is much greater; furthermore, you will need more balance when you land and you have to be ready to absorb the impact. Just picking myself up and trying to land the trick over and over makes you want to land it more and when you do, the feeling is indescribable. Anything is possible in skateboarding. I always keep these words in me, â€Å"Where there is a will, there is a way†; because it helps me realize that you can overcome any challenge that is blocking your way. Trying to become the best of your ability is the most fun, yet is also the hardest challenge there is. Just being able to keep making skateboarding harder and giving yourself a challenge once in a while is fun. Discovering skateboarding was the best thing that has ever happened to me. I started skateboarding, because I loved it, and that’s how you progress, loving what you’re doing. The days that I don’t skate I am preparing myself for the effort it takes to pick myself up and try a trick over and over again till I land it. I think when you land a trick, that is what keeps you going in skateboarding; likewise, makes you want to go pro, or make you want to go even further in skateboarding. It makes you go beyond your natural abilities and make friends along the way. Just being able to jump on your board, make new friends, do whatever you want to do, no one telling you what to do or when to do it, and knowing when you land a new trick, you conquered your board, your board didn’t conquer you.

Globalization and Culture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Globalization and Culture - Research Paper Example This essay aims to discuss the effects of globalization and culture in the modern world. For instance, there has been economic development because of various interactions between people of different cultures. The main objectives of the essay are to discover why the world has evolved in terms of globalization and cultures. On that note, globalization is the increasing association such as legal, scientific, economic and cultural connections between persons and countries around the world. On the other hand, culture involves the belief, art, morals, law, and customs ad among other capabilities attained by humanity. The limits of the essay include the inability to explain the direct link between globalization and culture. However, the methods of enquiry in compiling the essay include the use of secondary materials such books and internet sources. The background of this research goes back from the days of long distance trade routes that emerged to the modern days of planes and policies pro pelling economies to influence globalization. Globalization has been widely described as the interconnection between states and their cultures through trade, technology, sports and other forms. Due to globalization there have been several effects felt such as change in language, habits, dreams, dress code among others in the cultures of nations. For example, according to Jaenicke, the culture has an effect on dreams. However, the cultural attributes do not follow the accepted regular responses of certain cultures brought by globalization.

Research a hospitality facility development or refurbishment of your Paper

A hospitality facility development or refurbishment of your choice - Research Paper Example The banner â€Å"The Character of London† was successfully upheld through the hotel’s various refurbishment efforts to exude the luxury for the 21st Century. Hotel Savoy’s legacy of being the first luxury hotel in London was preserved with the renovations and series of changes they made to make the establishment more pleasing to the customer’s taste and according to environmental trends. Hotel Savoy History It all started with a piece of land given by King Henry II to Count Peter II of Savoy. There, Peter II built the Savoy Palace. The structure underwent several destructions especially that it was built at the time when Britain was at serious political strife. After few centennials, a theater in the same place was built by Richard D'Oyly. D'Oyly, a constant traveler, was inspired with the hotel he had seen in the United States, and this inspired him to transform the theater into London's first luxury hotel, the Hotel Savoy (Peck, 2010). Ever since Hotel S avoy became more than just the owner’s concept, it has been enjoying a celebrity-like status, just like their guests. Being the first hotel in London to offer electricity services and lift (then called as ‘ascending rooms’), the success became sensational that the most famous people in various fields never fail to drop in Hotel Savoy whenever they visit London. Notable figures who became frequent visitors of Hotel Savoy include Katherine Hepburn, Oscar Wilde, Coco Chanel, Bob Dylan, Queen Elizabeth II, Prince Charles, The Beatles, Elizabeth Taylor, and many more (Savoy, n.d.). A-list customers such as the above mentioned made the hotel legendary. Through the fast-paced changes, a good thing about the hotel’s management system is that it prioritizes customer satisfaction. In doing this, hotel staff and hoteliers were trained extensively to meet the discriminating customers. From bartenders to administrative staff, competence can be observed. Last 2007, the hotel was closed temporarily for an extensive overhaul and was reopened last year, complete with new features and more luxurious services (Anon., 2010). The Hotel’s Refurbishment After more than a centennial of luxury hotel service, Savoy’s owners decided to close it temporarily for refurbishment to take the hotel to a new level of elegance. In a report by Stinson (2007), owners of the hotel revealed that they plan to auction few of the items owned by the hotel such as the grand piano which Frank Sinatra once played when he was invited by the hotel some years ago, and the tiles of the ballroom which Hollywood star Marilyn Monroe and Her Royal Highness Queen Elizabeth II danced on when they visited the place. The starting prices of auctioned items began with more than 200 pounds to as high as 1000 pounds or more. However, hoteliers assured that the hotel’s trademarks such as the figure of Kaspar the Cat and everything found in the American bar will not be sold to preserve the antique feel of the establishment (Stinson, 2007). Customers who are frequent in the hotel are not quite sure about the changes the management had decided because there might be a lot missing in the hotel and they might lose nostalgia of their previous visits; however, the hotel heads were assuring the customers that Savoy will still be recognizable. The Edwardian features and Art Deco style of the hotel would be maintained and developed. Financial analysts did not believe that the hotel’s timing in refurbishing the property is good, considering